Ejercicios tipos de Biodiversidad
Ejercicios de Biodiversidad.
Con base en el libro de Oscar Flores Villela y Patricia Gerez, hemos extraido las especies de vertebrados de tres estados (Anexo 1), para que resuelvas los siguientes ejercicios. Recuerda seguir el procedimiento indicado en la información general (obtener la lista local de especies, que corresponde a la diversidad alfa, comparar dos regiones para la diversidad beta, y aplicar la ecuación para la diversidad gama).
Ejercicios:
A. Calcula la biodiversidad alfa para cada estado y para cada grupo taxonómico (peces, anfibios, reptiles y aves).
Chihuahua:
Peces _____________________
Anfibios __________________
Reptiles __________________
Aves ______________________
Total _____________________
Nayarit:
Peces _____________________
Anfibios __________________
Reptiles __________________
Aves ______________________
Total _____________________
Campeche:
Peces _____________________
Anfibios __________________
Reptiles __________________
Aves ______________________
Total _____________________
B. Calcula la biodiversidad beta considerando que Chihuahua y Nayarit constituyen una región y Nayarit y Campeche otra:
Chihuahua - Nayarit:
Peces _____________________
Anfibios __________________
Reptiles __________________
Aves ______________________
Total _____________________
Nayarit - Campeche:
Peces _____________________
Anfibios __________________
Reptiles __________________
Aves ______________________
Total _____________________
C. Calcula la biodiversidad gamma entre estas dos supuestas regiones
Biodiversidad gamma entre las regiones Chihuahua – Nayarit vs. Nayarit – Campeche
Peces _____________________
Anfibios __________________
Reptiles __________________
Aves ______________________
Total _____________________
D. Opcional. En ocasiones es pesado trabajar con los nombres científicos sin asociarlos a una imagen en particular, así que si se desea, los participantes pueden buscar la imagen de un determinado número de especies por persona. Si se esta trabajando por equipo, se puede asignar un grupo taxonómico por equipo, el que se encargara de buscar imágenes por lo menos a nivel de genero, de algunos organismos del taxón asignado.
| ESPECIE | CHIHUAHUA | NAYARIT | CAMPECHE |
| Dorosoma smithi | - | X | - |
| Astractosteus tropicus | - | - | X |
| Algansea avia | - | X | - |
| Anguilla rostrata | - | - | X |
| Compostoma ornathum | X | - | - |
| Codoma ornata | X | - | - |
| Cyprinella bocagrande | X (Endémica) | - | - |
| Cyprinella formosa | X | - | - |
| Cyprinella formosa formosa | X | - | - |
| Cyprinella lutrensis lutrensis | X | - | - |
| Cyprinella panarcys | X (Endémico) | - | - |
| Cyprinella rutila | X | - | - |
| Dionda episcopea | X | - | - |
| Gila nigrescens | X (Endémico | - | - |
| Gila pulcra | X (Endémico) | - | - |
| Gila robusta | X | - | - |
| Catostomus bernardini | - | X | - |
| Catostomus plebeius | X | - | - |
| Catostomus leopoldo | X | - | - |
| Moxostoma congestum | X | - | - |
| Icatalurus pricei | X | - | - |
| Onchorhinchus chrisogaster | X | X | - |
| Gobisox fluviatilis | X | - | - |
| Cyprinodon eximius | X | - | - |
| Cyprinodon fontinalis | X (Endémico) | - | - |
| Cyprinodon macrolepis | X (Endémico) | - | - |
| Cyprinodon pachycephalus | X (Endémico) | - | - |
| Cyprinodon sp 4 | X | - | - |
| Cyprinodon sp 5 | X | - | - |
| Xenotoca eiseni | - | X | - |
| Brachyhraphis hatwegii | - | - | X |
| Belonesox belizanus | - | - | X |
| Carlhubbsia kidderi | - | - | X |
| Cambusia sp. | X | - | - |
| Poesiliopsis infans | - | X | - |
| Poesiliopsis latidens | - | X | - |
| Poesiliopsis prolifica | - | X | - |
| Poesiliopsis viriosa | - | X (Endémico) | - |
| Atherinella elegans | - | X | - |
| Atherinella pellosesmion | - | X | - |
| Chirostoma grandocule | X | X | - |
| Chirostoma humboldtianum | - | X | - |
| Chirostoma jordani | X | - | - |
| Chirostoma labarcae | X | - | - |
| Chirostoma mezquital | - | X | - |
| Chirostoma shyraena | X | - | - |
| Ophisternon aenigmaticum | - | X | - |
| Etheostoma australe | X | - | - |
| Cichlasoma vean | - | X (Endémico) | - |
| Cichlasoma managuense | - | - | X |
| Cichlasoma meeki | - | - | X |
| Cichlasoma pasiones | - | - | X |
| Cichlasoma paersei | - | - | X |
| Cichlasoma urophtalmus | - | - | X |
| Petenia splendida | - | - | X |
| Agonostomus montícola | - | - | X |
| Joturus picardía | - | - | X |
| Gobiomorus polylepis | - | X | - |
| Lepisostus osteus | X | - | - |
| Lile stolifera | - | X | - |
| Dorosoma pétense | - | - | X |
| Pimephales promelas | X | - | - |
| Especie | Chihuahua | Nayarit | Campeche |
| Bufo compactilis | X | - | - |
| Bufo keloggi | - | X | - |
| Bufo marmoreus | - | X | - |
| Bufo mazatlanensis | X | X | - |
| Bufo occidentalis | X | X | - |
| Hyla loquax | - | - | X |
| Hyla picta | - | - | X |
| Hyla smaragdina | - | X | - |
| Hyla smithi | - | X | - |
| Scinax staufferi | - | - | X |
| Smilisca baudinii | X | X | X |
| Triprion petasatus | - | - | X |
| Triprion spatulatus | - | X | - |
| Agalychnis callidryas | - | - | X |
| Pachymedusa dacnicolor | - | X | - |
| Eleutherodactylus hobartsmithii | - | X | - |
| Eleutherodactylus leprus | - | - | X |
| Eleutherodactylus occidentalis | - | X | - |
| Eleutherodactylus pallidus | - | X | - |
| Eleutherodactylus tarahumaraensis | X | - | - |
| Eleutherodactylus teretistes | - | X | - |
| Eleutherodactylus vocalis | - | X | - |
| Gastrophryne elegans | - | - | X |
| Gastrophryne usta | - | X | - |
| Hypopachus variolosus | - | X | X |
| Rana brownmorum | - | - | X |
| Rana forreri | - | X | - |
| Rana magnocularis | - | X | - |
| Rana trilobata | - | X | - |
| Rhimophrymus dorsalis | - | - | X |
| Ambystoma rosaceum | X | - | - |
| Bolitoglossa yucatana | - | - | X |
| Pseudoeurycea belli | X | - | - |
| Especie | Chihuahua | Nayarit | Campeche |
| Crocodylus moreletti | - | - | X |
| Barisia imbricada | X | X | - |
| Barisia levicollis | X | - | - |
| Coleonyx elegans | - | - | X |
| Phyllodactulus lanei | - | X | - |
| Phyllodactulus tuberculosus | X | X | - |
| Sphaerodactylus glaucus | - | - | X |
| Heloderma horridum | - | X | - |
| Anolis biporcatus | - | - | X |
| Anolis laeviventris | - | - | X |
| Anolis lemurinus | - | - | X |
| Anolis nebulosus | X | X | - |
| Anolis rodriguezi | - | - | X |
| Anolis sericeus | - | - | X |
| Anolis tropidonotus | - | - | X |
| Anolis utowanae | - | - | X |
| Basiliscus vitatus | - | - | X |
| Coritophanes cristatus | - | - | X |
| Ctenosaura hemilopha | X | - | - |
| Ctenosaura pectinata | - | X | - |
| Ctenosaura similis | - | - | X |
| Enyaliosaurus defensor | - | - | X |
| Laemanctus serratus | - | - | X |
| Phrynosoma orbiculare | X | - | - |
| Sceloporus asper | - | X | - |
| Sceloporus chrysostictus | - | - | X |
| Sceloporus dugesi | - | X | - |
| Sceloporus grammicus | X | - | - |
| Sceloporus horridus | - | X | - |
| Sceloporus jarrowi | X | - | - |
| Sceloporus lundelli | - | - | X |
| Sceloporus melanorhinus | - | X | - |
| Sceloporus nelsoni | X | X | - |
| Sceloporus scalaris | X | - | - |
| Sceloporus serrifer | - | - | X |
| Sceloporus torquatus | - | X | - |
| Sceloporus utiformis | - | X | - |
| Sceloporus variabilis | - | - | X |
| Sceloporus virgatus | X | - | - |
| Urosaurus bicarinatus | X | - | - |
| Eumeses brevirostris | X | - | - |
| Eumeses multilineatus | X (Endémico) | - | - |
| Eumeses parviauriculatus | X | - | - |
| Eumeses parvulus | - | X | - |
| Eumeses schwartzei | - | - | X |
| Mabuya brachypoda | - | - | X |
| Sphenomorphus cherrieri | - | - | X |
| Ameiba undulata | - | X | X |
| Cnemidophorus angusticeps | - | - | X |
| Cnemidophorus comunis | - | X | - |
| Cnemidophorus costatus | X | X | - |
| Cnemidophorus cozumela | - | - | X |
| Cnemidophorus deppi | - | - | X |
| Cnemidophorus lineattisimus | - | X | - |
| Loxocemus bicolor | - | X | - |
| Coniophanes bipunctatus | - | - | X |
| Coniophanes imperialis | - | - | X |
| Coniophanes meridanus | - | - | X |
| Conophis lineatus | - | - | X |
| Conophis nasus | X | - | - |
| Dipsas brevifacies | - | - | X |
| Dryadophis cliftoni | - | X | - |
| Dryadophis melanolomus | - | - | X |
| Dryomobius margaritiferus | - | X | X |
| Elaphe flavirufa | - | - | X |
| Enulius oligostichus | - | X | - |
| Ficimia publia | - | - | X |
| Geophis dugesi | X | - | - |
| Gyalopion quadrangularis | - | X | - |
| Imantodes gemmistratus | - | X | X |
| Imantodes tenuissimus | - | - | X |
| Leptodeira frenata | - | - | X |
| Leptodeira maculata | - | X | - |
| Leptodeira punctata | - | X | - |
| Leptodeira diplotropis | - | X | - |
| Letophis mexicanus | - | X | X |
| Manolepis putnami | - | X | - |
| Nerodia melanogaster | X | X | - |
| Ninia sebae | - | - | X |
| Pituophis deppei | X | - | - |
| Pliocercus elapoides | - | - | X |
| Pseudoficimia frontalis | - | X | - |
| Salvadora bairdi | - | X | - |
| Salvadora mexicana | - | X | - |
| Senticolis triaspis | X | X | X |
| Sibon annulifera | - | X | - |
| Sibon fasciata | - | - | X |
| Sibon philippii | - | X | - |
| Sibon sanniola | - | - | X |
| Sibon sartorii | - | - | X |
| Stenorrhina freminvillii | - | - | X |
| Storeria storeioides | X | - | - |
| Sympholis lippiens | X | X | - |
| Tantilla calamarina | - | X | - |
| Tantillita canula | - | - | X |
| Tantilla wilcoxi | X | - | - |
| Tantilla yaquia | X | X | - |
| Thamnophis errans | X | - | - |
| Thamnophis valida | - | X | - |
| Tretanorhinus nigroluteus | - | - | X |
| Trimorphodon tau | X | X | - |
| Agkistrodon bilineatus | - | X | X |
| Crotalus basiliscus | - | X | - |
| Crotalus pricei | X | - | - |
| Crotalus triseriatus | - | X | - |
| Crotalus willardi | X | - | - |
| Porthidium yucatanicum | - | - | X |
| Micrurus diastema | - | - | X |
| Micrurus distans | X | X | - |
| Micrurus proximans | - | X (Endémico) | - |
| Typhlops microstomus | - | - | X |
| Lepidochelys kempii | - | - | X |
| Dermatemys mawii | - | - | X |
| Rhinoclemmys areolata | - | - | X |
| Rhinoclemmys pulcherrima | - | X | - |
| Terrapene nelsoni | - | -|- | |
| Claudius angustatus | - | - | X |
| Kinosternon acutum | - | - | X |
| Kinosternon hirtipes | X | - | - |
| Kinosternon integrum | X | X | - |
| Staurotypus triporcatus | - | - | X |
| Gopherus flavomarginatus | X | - | - |
| Especie | Chihuahua | Nayarit | Campeche |
| Cryptorellus cinnamomeus | - | X | X |
| Cryptorellus boucardi | - | X | - |
| Tigrisoma mexicanum | - | X | - |
| Ortalis vetula | - | - | X |
| Ortalis wagleri | X | X | - |
| Agriocharis ocellata | - | - | X |
| Dactylortyx thoracicus | - | - | X |
| Cyrtonyx montezumae | X | X | - |
| Colinus nigrogularis | - | - | X |
| Callipepla douglasii | X | X | - |
| Laterallus ruber | - | - | X |
| Larus heermanni | - | X | - |
| Larus livens | - | X | - |
| Sterna elegans | - | X | - |
| Columba flavirostris | X | X | X |
| Aratinga holochlora | X | - | - |
| Aratinga nana | - | - | X |
| Aratinga canicularis | - | X | - |
| Rhynchpsitta pachirhyncha | X | - | - |
| Pionus senilis | - | - | X |
| Forpus cyanopygius | - | X | - |
| Amazona albifrons | - | X | X |
| Amazona xantholora | - | - | X |
| Amazona finschi | X | X | - |
| Amazona oratryx | - | X | - |
| Morococcyx erythropygus | - | X | - |
| Geococcyx velox | - | X | - |
| Otus trichopsis | X | X | - |
| Nyctiphrynus mcleodii | X | - | - |
| Nyctiphrynus yucatanensis | - | - | X |
| Caprimulgus ridgwayi | X | X | - |
| Streptoprocne semicollaris | X | X | - |
| Campylopterus curvipennis | - | - | X |
| Chlorostilbon canivetti | - | X | X |
| Cynanthus sordidus | - | X | - |
| Cynanthus latirostris | X | X | - |
| Thalurania ridwayi | - | X | - |
| Hylocharis leucotis | X | X | - |
| Amazilia candida | - | - | X |
| Amazilia beryllina | X | X | - |
| Amazilia rutila | X | X | - |
| Amazilia violiceps | X | X | - |
| Lampornis amethistinus | - | X | - |
| Lampornis clemenciae | X | - | - |
| Heliomaster constantini | - | X | - |
| Tilatura dupontii | - | X | - |
| Calothorax lucifer | - | X | - |
| Atthis heloisa | X | X | - |
| Trogon melanocephalus | - | - | X |
| Trogon citreolus | - | X | - |
| Trogon mexicanus | X | X | - |
| Trogon elegans | X | X | - |
| Euptilotis neoxenus | X | X | - |
| Hylomanes momotula | - | - | X |
| Momotus mexicanus | X | X | - |
| Eumomota superciliosa | - | - | X |
| Melanerpes chrysogenys | - | X | - |
| Melanerpes pygmaeus | - | - | X |
| Picoides striklandi | X | X | - |
| Piculus auriculari | X | X | - |
| Celeus castaneus | - | - | X |
| Campephilus guatemalensis | - | X | X |
| Dendrocincla anabatina | - | - | X |
| Xiphorhynchus flavigaster | - | X | X |
| Lepidocolaptes leucogaster | X | X | - |
| Oncostoma cinereigulare | - | - | X |
| Rhynchocyclus brevirostris | - | - | X |
| Platyrinchus cancrominus | - | - | X |
| Myobius sulphureipygius | - | - | X |
| Cantopus pertinax | X | X | - |
| Empidonax albigularis | X | X | - |
| Empidonax affinis | X | - | - |
| Empidonax fulvifrons | X | X | - |
| Myiarchus yucatanensis | - | - | X |
| Myiarchus nuttingi | X | X | - |
| Deltarhynchus flammulatus | - | X | - |
| Tyrannus crassirostris | X | X | - |
| Pachyramphus major | - | X | X |
| Pachyramphus aglaiae | X | X | X |
| Manacus candei | - | - | X |
| Pipra mentalis | - | - | X |
| Progne sinaloae | X | X | - |
| Calocitta colliei | X | X | - |
| Cyanocorax dickeyi | - | - | X |
| Cyanocorax morio | - | X | - |
| Cyanocorax sanblasianus | - | - | X |
| Cyanocorax yucatanicus | - | X | - |
| Cyanocorax beecheii | - | X | - |
| Aphelocoma ultramarina | X | X | - |
| Corvus sinaloe | - | X | - |
| Parus sclateri | X | - | - |
| Parus wollweberi | X | X | - |
| Campylorhynchus gularis | X | X | - |
| Thryothorus maculipectus | - | - | X |
| Thryothorus sinaloa | X | X | - |
| Thryothorus felix | - | X | - |
| Trogldytes brunneicollis | X | X | - |
| Uropsila leucogastra | - | - | X |
| Polioptila nigriceps | - | X | X |
| Polioptila albiloris | X | - | - |
| Myadestes occidentalis | X | X | - |
| Catharus occidentalis | X | X | - |
| Turdus grayi | - | - | X |
| Turdus assimilis | X | X | X |
| Turdus rufropalliatus | - | X | - |
| Ridgwayia pinicola | X | X | - |
| Melanoptila glablirostris | - | - | X |
| Melanotis caerulescens | X | X | - |
| Ptilogonys cinerus | X | X | - |
| Vireo pallens | - | X | X |
| Vireo hypochryseus | - | X | - |
| Parula superciliosa | X | X | - |
| Geothlypis poliocephala | - | X | X |
| Cardellina rubrifrons | X | - | - |
| Ergaticus ruber | X | - | - |
| Myioborus pictus | X | X | - |
| Euthlypis lachrimosa | X | X | - |
| Granatellus venustus | - | X | - |
| Granatellus sallaei | - | - | X |
| Peucedramus taeniatus | X | X | - |
| Euphonia afinis | X | X | X |
| Euphonia hirundianacea | X | - | X |
| Euphonia elegantissima | X | X | - |
| Thraupis abbas | - | - | X |
| Lanio aurantius | - | - | X |
| Había fuscicaudata | - | - | X |
| Piranga rosegularis | - | - | X |
| Piranga bidentata | X | X | - |
| Piranga erythtrocephala | X | X | - |
| Saltator atriceps | - | - | X |
| Caryothrastes poliogaster | - | - | X |
| Pheucticus chrysopeplus | X | X | - |
| Cyanocompsa parellina | - | X | X |
| Atlapetes pileatus | X | X | - |
| Atlapetes virenticeps | - | X | - |
| Arremonops rufuvirgatus | - | X | X |
| Arremonops chloronutus | - | - | X |
| Melozone kineri | - | X | - |
| Sporophila torqueola | - | X | X |
| Aimophila ruficauda | - | X | - |
| Aimophila botterii | - | X | - |
| Aimophila rufescens | X | X | - |
| Oriturus superciliosus | X | X | - |
| Amphispiza quinquestriata | X | - | - |
| Junco phaeconotus | X | X | - |
| Dives dives | - | - | X |
| Icterus auratus | - | - | X |
| Icterus gularis | - | - | X |
| Icterus graduacauda | - | X | - |
| Cacius malanicterus | - | X | - |
| Psarocoluis montezuma | - | - | X |
| Carduelis notata | X | X | - |
| Coccothraustes abeillei | X | - | - |